Few Facts About Mitral Valve Incompetence

 Mitral valve regurgitation or mitral valve insufficiency. It is also known as mitral valve incompetence. This occurs when the two valve leaflets do not come together when the mitral valve closes. Since the flyers do not reach or meet each other. The small amount of blood that should be pushing on the aorta flows back through the diseased valve. Return to the hall when the chamber retracts. Because of the increased pressure in the atrium, blood flows back to the lungs. The heart has to work extra hard because of the back flow of blood. This results in ventricular dilatation and failure.

causes:

 Rheumatic fever

 Mitral valve prolapse

·Congenital congenital valvular defects, CAD and infective endocarditis.

 Myxoid degeneration  This is where part of the heart tissue weakens. This makes the valve prone to failure. This can affect any of the different parts of the mitral valve, such as the one that can rupture.

 Mitral valve incompetence can sometimes occur. Due to papillary muscle rupture. As a result of a heart attack or as a complication of balloon mitral vasectomy. In these cases, the patient's condition is. Becomes critical and will must immediate surgical intervention.

Signs and symptoms:

· Palpitations

· Fatigue or chronic weakness.

· Cough and shortness of breath

· In sudden and severe cases. Dyspepsia is worse and the patient may need a mechanical respirator to ease breathing

· During the physical examination, the doctor will be able to hear a heart murmur

Diagnostic tests: They diagnose and also determine the treatment of valve disease. The doctor will request a complete medical history.  Perform a thorough and complete physical examination. He will also order some or all the special diagnostic tests listed below:

Chest X-ray – will provide information about the size of the heart and the four chambers of the heart. It will also provide information about the lungs .

Electrocardiogram – This test records changes in electrical activity. This occurs during a heartbeat. Atrial fibrillation is one such common finding.

Echocardiogram – known as an echo test. This test uses ultrasound to measure and examine the structure of the heart. An echocardiogram will prove the performance of the mitral valve. Causes of mitral incompetence. It will also provide information about the function of the heart muscle.

Cardiac Catheterization or Coronary Arteriogram - The test allows the blood vessels to be visualized. Measurement of pressures in heart chambers. After contrast dye injection. This examination is usually performed on patients aged 40 and over. If the coronary arteries have a significant number of blocks. A heart surgeon will perform what is known as a coronary artery bypass graft. Bypass during valve surgery.

Therapy:

This condition can be treated with diuretics, as well as anti-cardiac drugs. Failure of drugs in the initial stages. But in most cases, surgery is needed to replace or repair the damaged valve. The surgeon will also determine the procedure that is most appropriate. After taking into account factors such as age. History, nature of heart disease. The patient's lifestyle and the patient's ability to take anticoagulants

Artificial valves can be divided into three as follows.

Bioprosthetic valves: Treat animal-derived valves. To keep the rejection rate as low as possible.

Mechanical valves: These are made of carbon, metal, and synthetics. These types of valves must be anticoagulated to prevent blood clots from forming.

Biological valves: These are heart valves that are obtained from human donors after death. They were frozen for later use.

A few valves can be fixed to help them open and close. Two very common flap repair surgeries are:

Annuloplasty: In this procedure, the annulus is the annular part of the valve. It is sealed by placing a metal ring, cloth ring, or tissue ring around the valve.